What is the difference between browser cache and server cache?

Browser cache stores resources like images, CSS and JavaScript locally on the visitor's device. On repeat page visits, these resources load directly from local storage without contacting the server. Server cache, on the other hand, stores pre-rendered HTML pages or database queries on the server, so they are delivered faster on every request, including from new visitors. Both caching layers complement each other: server cache accelerates the first page load, browser cache accelerates all subsequent loads from the same visitor.